This Review presents various high-energy cathode materials which can be used to build next-generation lithium-ion batteries. It includes nickel and lithium-rich layered oxide materials, high voltage spinel oxides, polyanion, cation disordered rock-salt oxides and conversion materials.
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It has long been a global imperative to develop high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to meet the ever-growing electric vehicle market. One of the most effective strategies for boosting the energy density of LIBs is to increase the output voltage, which largely depends upon the cathode materials.
Herein, we summarized recent literatures on the properties and limitations of various types of cathode materials for LIBs, such as Layered transition metal oxides, spinel oxides, polyanion compounds, conversion-type cathode and organic cathodes materials.
Li-ion batteries come in various compositions, with lithium-cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium-manganese oxide (LMO), lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP), lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide (NMC), and lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminium oxide (NCA) being among the most common. Graphite and its derivatives are currently the predominant materials for the anode.
The energy density of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries can be greatly increased by increasing the Ni content, but this increase leads to deteriorated electrochemical and thermal stability of materials in the charged state due to the instability of tetravalent nickel in the oxide phase. Thus, developing cathode materials with high
2 · Amorphous FePO 4 (AFP) is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries (LIBs & SIBs) due to its stability, high theoretical capacity, and cost-effective processing. However, challenges such as low electronic conductivity and volumetric changes seriously hinder its practical application. To overcome these hurdles, core-shell structure
To reach the modern demand of high efficiency energy sources for electric vehicles and electronic devices, it is become desirable and challenging to develop advance lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy capacity, power density, and structural stability.Among various parts of LIBs, cathode material is heaviest component which account almost 41% of
Exploring the Impact of Aluminum Substitution on the Structural Stability of LiMn2O4/C Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Energy & Fuels 2024, 38 Polyimide-Al2O3 Separator Reveals Less Exothermic Heat Energies Than Polypropylene at the Thermal Runaway Event of Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2022, 14
[ 94] In the research of lithium-ion battery cathode materials, another cathode material that has received wide attention from both academia and industry is the spinel LiMn 2 O 4 cathode material proposed by Thackeray et al. in 1983. LiMn 2 O 4 has three-dimensional Li transport characteristics.
Kim, T. et al. A cathode material for lithium-ion batteries based on graphitized carbon-wrapped FeF 3 nanoparticles prepared by facile polymerization. J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 14857–14864 (2016).
Amongst a number of different cathode materials, the layered nickel-rich LiNiyCoxMn1−y−xO2 and the integrated lithium-rich xLi2MnO3·(1 − x)Li[NiaCobMnc]O2 (a + b + c = 1) have received considerable attention over the last decade due to their high capacities of ~195 and ~250 mAh·g−1, respectively. Both materials are believed to play a vital role in the
1.2 Spinel Oxides. An abundant resource, low toxicity levels, environmental geniality are the rewards of LiMn 2 O 4 compared to LiCoO 2 and LiNiO 2 [].Thackeray et al. initially projected the spinel cathode LiMn 2 O 4 and improved by several authors [33, 34].LiMn 2 O 4 is an admired cathode material owing to its benefit of low price, high voltage, and a
A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses the reversible intercalation of Li + ions into electronically conducting solids to store energy. In comparison with other commercial rechargeable batteries, Li-ion batteries are characterized by higher specific energy, higher energy density, higher energy efficiency, a longer cycle life, and a longer
Of particular focus are lithium-ion cathode materials, many of which are composed of lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and cobalt (Co), in varying concentrations (Figure 1a). The cathode constitutes more than 20%
Due to a high energy density and satisfactory longevity, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely applied in the fields of consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Cathodes, an essential part of LIBs, greatly determine the energy density and total cost of LIBs. In order to make LIBs more competitive, it is urgent to develop low-cost commercial cathode
Professor Goodenough made an innovative contribution in the field of rechargeable batteries, especially in cathode materials. He discovered lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2) in 1980, lithium manganese oxide (LiMn 2 O 4) in 1981, and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4) in 1997. Almost all the commercial cathode materials were found by him.
Since the rapid development of Li (Na) ion batteries, increasing the electrochemical performance of the cathode material is the most urgent task. The basic characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of typical cathode materials are summarized in Table 1 .
1 Introduction. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) play the dominant role in the market of portable electronics devices and have gradually extended to large-scale applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and smart grids. [] With the rapid development of EVs, superior performance is required for LIBs, especially with high energy density, high power density, and low cost. []
B-doped nickel-rich ternary cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with excellent rate performance Yue Li; Ying-de Huang; Yun-jiao Li; Ionics (2023) Enhanced cycling stability of single
Layered oxides are considered prospective state-of-the-art cathode materials for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owning to their economic effectiveness, high energy density, and environmentally friendly nature. Nonetheless, layered oxides experience thermal runaway, capacity decay, and voltage decay during fast charging. This article summarizes
Nickel for better batteries: This Review systematically summarizes Ni-rich layered materials as cathodes for lithium-ion batteries through six aspects: synthesis, mechanism, element doping, surface coating, compositional partitioning, and electrolyte adjustment with the aim to boost the development and achieve expectations.
Figure 5 provides an overview of Li-ion battery materials, comparing the potential capabilities of various anode and cathode materials. Among these, lithium exhibits the highest specific capacity; however, its use is limited due to the increased risk of cell explosiveness and dendrite formation (Kurc et al., 2021). The lithiation/delithiation
Lithium cobalt oxide was the first commercially successful cathode for the lithium-ion battery mass market. Although LiCoO 2 was the first material that enabled commercialization of the
The discovery of stable transition metal oxides for the repeated insertion and removal of lithium ions 1, 2, 3 has allowed for the widespread adoption of lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials in consumer electronics, such as cellular telephones and portable computers. 4 LIBs are also the dominant energy storage technology used in electric vehicles. 5 An increase
This Review presents various high-energy cathode materials which can be used to build next-generation lithium-ion batteries. It includes nickel and lithium-rich layered oxide materials, high voltage spinel oxides, polyanion, cation disordered rock-salt oxides and conversion materials.
Typically, polycrystalline arrangements of nickel-rich cathode materials are applied in current lithium-ion batteries consisting of agglomerated primary particles that form secondary assemblies. When formulating an
Typically, polycrystalline arrangements of nickel-rich cathode materials are applied in current lithium-ion batteries consisting of agglomerated primary particles that form secondary assemblies. When formulating an electrode from such structures, the pressure applied during calendering can cause secondary particle cracking, increasing the
Lithium-manganese-oxides have been exploited as promising cathode materials for many years due to their environmental friendliness, resource abundance and low biotoxicity. Nevertheless, inevitable problems, such as Jahn-Teller distortion, manganese dissolution and phase transition, still frustrate researchers; thus, progress in full manganese-based cathode
In the research of lithium-ion battery cathode materials, another cathode material that has received wide attention from both academia and industry is the spinel LiMn 2 O 4 cathode material proposed by Thackeray et al. in 1983. LiMn 2 O 4 has three-dimensional Li transport characteristics. It shows the advantages of low price, high cycling and
With the rapid increase in demand for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, smart homes, electric-powered tools, intelligent transportation, and other markets, high-nickel multi-element materials are considered to be one of the most promising cathode candidates for large-scale industrial applications due to their advantages of high
He, B. Long, C. Yang and Z. Yin, Improved electrochemical performance of Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 cathode material for lithium ion batteries synthesized by the polyvinyl alcohol assisted sol-gel method, Ceram. Int., 2017, 43 (2), 2320–2324
Nickel for better batteries: This Review systematically summarizes Ni-rich layered materials as cathodes for lithium-ion batteries through six aspects: synthesis, mechanism, element doping, surface coating,
In the last two decades, lithium-ion batteries have been the most robust technology, supplying high energy and power density. Improving cathode materials is one of the ways to satisfy the need for even better batteries.
Aiming to find new cathode materials that intercalate Li-ions at higher potentials, Manthiram, A. A reflection on lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry. Nat. Commun. 11, 1550 (2020).
Herein, we summarized recent literatures on the properties and limitations of various types of cathode materials for LIBs, such as Layered transition metal oxides, spinel
The composites as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries exhibited improved electrochemical performance compared to electrode materials free of CNTs. The cycling performance of the V 2 O 5 /CNTs composites at a current density of 100 mA g −1 between 2–4 V is shown in Figure 7a.
The most frequently examined system of cathode materials consists of layered oxides with the chemical formula LiMO 2 (M = Co and/or Ni and/or Mn and/or Al). The system''s boundary phases, the important binary compounds, and the best-known ternary phase Li 1−x (Ni 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.33)O 2 (NCM) will be outlined.. Lithium cobalt oxide (Li 1−x CoO 2, LCO)
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