The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a massive, nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, radiating the energy from its surface mainly as visible light and infrared radiation with 10% at ultraviolet energies. It is by far the most important source of.
The English word sun developed fromsunne. Cognates appear in other , includingsinne,zon,Sünn,Sonne,Sunna,sunna.
The Sun consists mainly of the elementsand . At this time in the Sun's life, they account for 74.9% and 23.8%, respectively, of the mass of the Sun in the photosphere.All heavier elements, calledin astronomy, account for less than 2%.
The Sun has athat varies across its surface. Its polar field is 1–2(0.0001–0.0002 ), whereas the field is typically 3,000 gauss (0.3 T) in features on the Sun calledand 10–100 gauss (0.001–0.01 T) in .
The Sun is athat makes up about 99.86% of the mass of the Solar System.It has anof +4.83, estimated to be brighter than about 85% of the stars in the , most of which are . It is more massive than.
CoreThe core of the Sun extends from the center to about 20–25% of the solar radius.It has a density of up to 150 g/cm(about 150 times the density of water) and a temperature of close to 15.7 million(K).By contrast, the.
The Sun today is roughly halfway through the main-sequence portion of its life. It has not changed dramatically in over four billionyears and will remain fairly stable for about five billion more. However, after hydrogen fusion in its core has stopped, the Sun will undergo.
Solar SystemThe Sun has eight known planets orbiting it. This includes four(, , , and ), two( and ), and two( and ). The Solar System also has nine.
Outer space is the closest known approximation to a . It has effectively no , allowing stars, , andto move freely along their ideal , following thestage. The deep vacuum of intergalactic space is not devoid of , as it contains a fewper cubic meter.By comparison, the air humans breathe contains about 10m. The sun resides some 26,000 light-years from the Milky Way's center, in a tendril of our home galaxy known as the Orion Arm. Every 230 million years, the sun—and the solar system it carries with it—makes one orbit around the Milky Way's center. Though we can't feel it, the sun traces its orbit at an average velocity of 450,000 miles an hour.
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Later on, the Sun will shed its outer envelope and leave behind a white dwarf, surrounded by an outer shell of gas. These glowing remains of Sun-like stars are called planetary nebulae. The Ring Nebula (also known as Messier 57, its catalogue number) is a planetary nebula, the glowing remains of a Sun-like star after it has exhausted its fuel
Space-Based Sun-Shade Concept a Bright Idea A matter of degrees. Undoing the worst effects of climate change may well rest on three pillars: Emissions reduction, carbon dioxide removal and solar
It was 1989 when James Early of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory suggested a "space-based solar shield" positioned near a fixed point between the Earth and the sun called Lagrange
ViewSpace gives you the opportunity to explore our planet, solar system, galaxy, and universe. Provided free with the support of NASA, ViewSpace is developed by a team of scientists, educators, and communication specialists who collaborate to ensure that content is accurate, up-to-date, engaging, relevant, and accessible to a wide audience.
This view of Earth''s horizon as the Sun sets over the Pacific Ocean was taken by the Expedition 7 crew onboard the International Space Station in 2003. Anvil tops of thunderclouds are also visible.
Its outer layers will be ejected into space, leaving behind a dense white dwarf, half the original mass of the Sun but only the size of Earth. [30] The ejected outer layers may form a planetary nebula, returning some of the material that
That''s achieved by its location in deep, cold space and aided by that protective sun shield. "We''re looking at five galaxies," says ESA astronomer Giovanna Giardino, noting that a typical
The sun and outer space are the two most important fundamental thermodynamics resources for human beings on Earth. The capability for harvesting solar energy has been of central importance throughout the history of human civilization. Harvesting the coldness of outer space using radiative cooling technology also has a long history and has
In the span of a single human lifetime, space probes have voyaged to the outer solar system and sent back the first up-close images of the four giant outermost planets and their countless moons; rovers wheeled along the surface on Mars
The Sun is the star at the heart of our solar system. Its gravity holds the solar system together, keeping everything – from the biggest planets to the smallest bits of debris – in its orbit. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the
In one of the Sun''s biggest mysteries, the Sun''s outer atmosphere, the corona, gets hotter the farther it stretches from the surface. The corona reaches up to 3.5 million °F (2 million °C) – much, much hotter than the photosphere. Dec. 2, 2020, marked the 25th anniversary of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, or SOHO.
OverviewEnvironmentTerminologyFormation and stateHuman accessRegionsHistory of discoveryExploration
Outer space is the closest known approximation to a perfect vacuum. It has effectively no friction, allowing stars, planets, and moons to move freely along their ideal orbits, following the initial formation stage. The deep vacuum of intergalactic space is not devoid of matter, as it contains a few hydrogen atoms per cubic meter. By comparison, the air humans breathe contains about 10 m
The term outward space existed in a poem from 1842 by the English poet Lady Emmeline Stuart-Wortley called "The Maiden of Moscow", [ 13 ] but in astronomy the term outer space found its application for the first time in 1845 by Alexander von Humboldt. [ 14 ]
Its outer layers will be ejected into space, leaving behind a dense white dwarf, half the original mass of the Sun but only the size of Earth. [30] The ejected outer layers may form a planetary nebula, returning some of the material that formed the Sun—but now enriched with heavier elements like carbon—to the interstellar medium .
The Sun orbits the Galactic Center at a distance of 24,000 to 28,000 light-years. From Earth, it is 1 astronomical unit (1.496×108km) or about 8 light-minutes away. Its diameter is about 1,391,400 km (864,600 mi), 109 times that of Earth. Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, making up about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.
The sun and outer space are two of the most important fundamental thermodynamic resources for renewable energy harvesting. A significant amount of work has focused on understanding the fundamental
ViewSpace gives you the opportunity to explore our planet, solar system, galaxy, and universe. Provided free with the support of NASA, ViewSpace is developed by a team of scientists, educators, and communication specialists who
In one of the Sun''s biggest mysteries, the Sun''s outer atmosphere, the corona, gets hotter the farther it stretches from the surface. The corona reaches up to 3.5 million °F (2 million °C) –
The Sun ((sim ) 5800 K), the soil near the Earth''s surface ((sim ) 290 K) 9, and the outer space ((sim ) 3 K) are three separate locations with a huge temperature difference. Radiation
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But the Sun is a dynamic star, constantly changing and sending energy out into space. The science of studying the Sun and its influence throughout the solar system is called heliophysics. the photosphere – is a relatively cool 10,000 °F (5,500 °C). In one of the Sun''s biggest mysteries, the Sun''s outer atmosphere, the corona, gets
It has the shape of a large tailed bubble around the Sun and planets, separating the solar system from the interstellar medium as the star travels through space. Special Features of the Sun''s Atmosphere. The outer surface of the Sun is home to some interesting phenomena, such as solar prominences, flares, sunspots, and coronal holes:
NASA Image Library. NASA''s image library, images.nasa.gov, consolidates imagery and videos in one searchable location. Users can download content in multiple sizes and resolutions and see the metadata associated with images,
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